Key on.
Unplug the connector at the rear brake light switch and jumper the 2 wires together with a paperclip or something. Don't let it touch metal.
If the brake light is on now. Replace the switch.
If not, you should have +12V at BOTH of the terminals on the bottom of the bulb socket with it still jumped (careful not to ground the test lead to the sides of the socket)
If you do have +12V at both terminals (with the switch jumped) clean the socket and replace the bulb.
To check wiring:
At the switch you should have +12V on one wire, and if you put 12V on the wire that doesn't have voltage with the key on you should get a brake light.