Measuring the 'Loudness' of any given pipe is only relative to the distance some one is standing from that pipe (Hense the measurement in db). If you were 10 m from the muffler, a 3 db would not be as big of a difference, as if you were 10 cm from the muffler. At that point the volume would be closer to 2 fold, though it still wouldn't be.
I have had a jardine and a stock. Those have a 9 db difference according to ASB shootout. As the rider, I can honestly say that the jardine was around 3-4 times louder. Still not close to the 10 fold that it theoretically is, but much higher than 2.
IMHO, It would take a difference of 4-5 db to have double the volume to the person riding the motorcycle. That is mostly based off persona experiences and the number from the ASB shootout.
Just my two cents.